Gerund

GERUND

Definisi: Gerund adalah kata benda yang berasal dari kata kerja ditambah–ing, misalnya swimming, eating, fishing, shopping, dancing,da n singing. Bila diperhatikan, gerund mempunyai bentuk yang sama dengan present participle, bedanya gerund berfungsi sebagai kata benda, sedangkan present participle sebagai kata sifat yang menerangkan kata benda, Sebagai:

1. Subjek

-Sleeping is necessary to life

-Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences.

-Reading poems needs skills.

admit   He admitted smoking marijuana.	delay  They delayed leaving.	like   *I like learning languages.	reccommend  I recommend staying.
advise †He advised going to college.	deny   He denied stealing it.	love  *We love going on vacation.	regret  *I regret not being there.
allow    †They allowed smoking outside.	deserve  He deserves being in jail.	mention   He mentioned having dogs.	remember  **I remember hearing it.
anticipate  I anticipate having fun.	detest  She detests exercising.	mind    Do you mind smoking there?	resent    ††I resent being left alone.
appreciate She appreciates having help.	discuss  We discussed going out.	miss  I miss being home.	resist  I resist eating too much.
avoid  We avoid asking for help.	dislike   He dislikes dressing up.	neglect  *I neglected doing my work.	risk  He risked losing everything.
begin *I begin working tomorrow.	enjoy  She enjoys dressing up.	postpone  I postponed having kids.	start  *We started taking walks.
can't bear  I can't bear hearing lies.	escape He escaped getting married.	practice  I practice playing the piano.	stop  **He stopped smoking.
can't help  I can't help sneezing.	finish  We finished watching TV.	prefer  *We prefer eating early.	suggest   He suggested chewing gum.
can't stand  I can't stand waiting.	forget  **I forgot turning the light off.	prevent   Vaccinations prevent getting ill.	support  He supported going to war.
celebrate He celebrated getting a job.	imagine  He imagined being free.	prohibit  †They prohibit parking here.	tolerate  We don't tolerate cheating.
complete He completed reading it.	hate  *She hates being alone.	quit  I quit smoking.	try  We tried eating snails.
consider  He won't consider helping.	keep  We keep trusting him.	recall  She recalls being young.	understand I understand getting mad.

2. Objek

-I don’t like smoking

-I hate practicing my guitar.

-They do not appreciate my singing

-I like reading very much.

a. preposition

-The police arrested him for speeding.

-I look forward to hearing from you soon.

b.kalimat khusus

see    I saw her leaving / leave.	feel      I felt her sneezing / sneeze.	have trouble  I have trouble hearing.	sit    I sat watching the sheep
watch    I watched them falling / fall.	hear     I heard her coughing / cough.	have difficulty    I have difficulty spelling.	stand    I stood waiting for them.
observe    I saw her leaving.	smell     I smelled her passing / pass by.	have fun    I have fun dancing.	lie around  I lay around relaxing.
notice    I noticed her arriving.		have a great time  I had a great time traveling.	lie  He lay complaining.
catch    I caught them relaxing.		have an easy time  I had an easy time driving.	waste time  He wastes time shopping.
find    I found her sleeping.		have a ball   I have a ball playing video games.	spend time    I spend time browsing.

-We can’t avoid making mistakessus

-He can’t bear being laughed at

-I can’t help laughing

-I delayed answering you owing to pressure of work

-He enjoys playing a game of football

-He likes reading English literature

-She dislikes swimming

-He admitted cheating on the test. 

-he doctor generally advised drinking low-fat milk

3.Keterangan

-My chief delight is riding

-He is clever at teaching mathematics

-She is pleased at being taught mathematics

-She is proud of having sung a fine song

Untuk lebih lengkapnya, di bawah ini kami buatkan daftar dan contohnya dari kata-kata kerja yang harus ditambah dengan bentuk Gerunds:

• admit = He admitted cheating on the test.
• advise = The doctor generally advised drinking low-fat milk.
• allow = Ireland doesn't allow smoking in bars.
• anticipate = I anticipated arriving late.
• appreciate = I appreciated her helping me.
• avoid = He avoided talking to her.
• begin = I began learning Chinese.
• can't bear = He can't bear having so much responsibility.
• can't help = He can't help talking so loudly.
• can't see = I can't see paying so much money for a car.
• can't stand = He can't stand her smoking in the office.
• cease = The government ceased providing free healthcare.
• complete = He completed renovating the house.
• consider = She considered moving to New York.
• continue = He continued talking.
• defend = The lawyer defended her making such statements.
• delay = He delayed doing his taxes.
• deny = He denied committing the crime.
• despise = She despises waking up early.
• discuss = We discussed working at the company.
• dislike = She dislikes working after 5 PM.
• don't mind = I don't mind helping you.
• dread = She dreads getting up at 5 AM.
• encourage = He encourages eating healthy foods.
• enjoy = We enjoy hiking.
• finish = He finished doing his homework.
• forget = I forgot giving you my book.
• hate = I hate cleaning the bathroom.
• imagine = He imagines working there one day.
• involve = The job involves traveling to Japan once a month.
• keep = She kept interrupting me.
• like = She likes listening to music.
• love = I love swimming.
• mention = He mentioned going to that college.
• mind = Do you mind waiting here for a few minutes.
• miss = She misses living near the beach.
• need = The aquarium needs cleaning.
• neglect = Sometimes she neglects doing her homework.
• permit = California does not permit smoking in restaurants.
• postpone = He postponed returning to Paris.
• practice = She practiced singing the song.
• prefer = He prefers sitting at the back of the movie theater.
• propose = I proposed having lunch at the beach.
• quit = She quit worrying about the problem.
• recall = Tom recalled using his credit card at the store.
• recollect = She recollected living in Kenya.
• recommend = Tony recommended taking the train.
• regret  = She regretted saying that.
• remember = I remember telling her the address yesterday.
• report = He reported her stealing the money.
• require = The certificate requires completing two courses.
• resent = Nick resented Debbie's being there.
• resist = He resisted asking for help.
• risk = He risked being caught.
• start = He started studying harder.
• stop = She stopped working at 5 o'clock.
• suggest = They suggested staying at the hotel.
• tolerate = I tolerated her talking.
• try = Sam tried opening the lock with a paperclip.
• understand = I understand his quitting.
• urge = They urge recycling bottles and paper.